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|area_code = 251 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 01-50000 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0155153 |blank2_name = Interstates |blank2_info = |blank3_name = Interstate Spurs |blank3_info = |blank4_name = U.S. Routes |blank4_info = |blank6_name = Waterways |blank6_info = Mobile River |blank7_name = Seaports |blank7_info = Port of Mobile |blank8_name = Airports |blank8_info = Mobile Regional Airport |blank9_name = Public transit |blank9_info = The Wave |website = (City of Mobile ) |footnotes = }} Mobile ( ; (:mɔ.bil)) is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama. The population within the city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census,〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=United States Census Bureau )〕 making it the third most populous city in the State of Alabama, the most populous in Mobile County, and the largest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida. Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is located at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central Gulf Coast.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work="Britannica Online" )〕 The Port of Mobile has always played a key role in the economic health of the city beginning with the city as a key trading center between the French and Native Americans down to its current role as the 12th-largest port in the United States.〔Drechsel, Emanuel. ''Mobilian Jargon: Linguistic and Sociohistorical Aspects of a Native American Pidgin''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-824033-3〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=United States Army Corps of Engineers )〕 Mobile is the principal municipality of the Mobile Metropolitan Statistical Area. This region of 412,992 residents is composed solely of Mobile County; it is the third-largest metropolitan statistical area in the state.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=United States Census Bureau 2009 MSA Populations )〕 Mobile is the largest city in the Mobile-Daphne−Fairhope CSA, with a total population of 604,726, the second largest in the state.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=United States Census Bureau 2012 CSA Populations )〕 As of 2011, the population within a radius of Mobile is 1,262,907.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Decision Data Systems )〕 Mobile began as the first capital of colonial French Louisiana in 1702. During its first 100 years, Mobile was a colony of France, then Britain, and lastly Spain. Mobile first became a part of the United States of America in 1813, with the annexation of West Florida under President James Madison. In 1861 Alabama joined the Confederate States of America, which surrendered in 1865.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= United States History )〕 As one of the Gulf Coast's cultural centers, Mobile has several art museums, a symphony orchestra, a professional opera, a professional ballet company, and a large concentration of historic architecture.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=SeniorsResourceGuide.com )〕 Mobile is known for having the oldest organized Carnival celebrations in the United States. The festival began to be celebrated in the first decade of the 18th century by its first French Catholic colonial settlers. Mobile was host to the first formally organized Carnival mystic society, known elsewhere as a krewe, to celebrate with a parade in the United States, beginning in 1830.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work="The Museum of Mobile" )〕 In 2005 the first integrated mystic society had a parade for Mardi Gras. ==Etymology== The city gained its name from the Mobile tribe that the French colonists encountered living in the area of Mobile Bay.〔Thomason, Michael. ''Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City'', pp. 17–20. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8173-1065-7〕 Although debated by Alabama historians, they may have been descendants of the Native American tribe whose small fortress town, Mabila, was used to conceal several thousand native warriors before an attack in 1540 on the expedition of Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto.〔Thomason (2001), ''Mobile'',pp. 12–13.〕 The Mobile tribe, along with the Tohomé, obtained permission from the colonists, about seven years after the founding of the Mobile settlement, to settle near the fort.〔Thomason (2001), ''Mobile'', pp. 20 and 24〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mobile, Alabama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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